earlier, repeating mechanisms designed or altered specifically for the Short cartridge will not function properly with the Long or LR cartridges.
More importantly, the rifling pitch for the Short is much slower than for the LR (1/22" or slower vs. 1/16", respectively. The LR bullet will not be properly stabilized in the slower pitch (though the .22 Long, with its 29 or 30 grain bullet, the same as the Short, will shoot as well through the slower pitch - the LR shoots miserably through the slower-pitch barrels designed for the Short or Long. Those guns designed to shoot all 3 types interchangeably or alternatively use the LR rifling pitch: while the Short or Long are, perhaps, a bit less accurate through the faster-than-needed rifling pitch, they shoot MUCH better than the LR through the too-slow rifling.
As was also noted earlier, it is physically impossible to chamber the Long or LR round in the Short chamber without deforming it, jamming the case into the rifling, and, most likely, firing the round by crushing before it is fully chambered. The Long round uses the same case length as the LR, so has only a bit longer jump to reach the origin of the rifling in the LR chamber - the Short bullet has a much longer jump, but, being the same diameter as the case itself, does not suffer too badly when fired in the LR chamber.
mhb - Mike